Film Industry - week one - key theory 14 (cultural industries)

Film industry Week one 


Introduction of the film industry

Purpose of any media product = any purpose of any piece from the media is to make profit

 The birth of the film industry 

  • The earliest films were in black and white, under a minute long and without recorded sound.
  • During the 1890s films became several minutes long and started to consist of several shots
Standardised product definition

Standardization or standardisation is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments Standardizationcan help to maximize compatibility


 Operating much like a factory, Hollywood films were still made in warehouses and offices. They are made using the industrialised labour of a variety of specialised production techniques. 

 Classical Hollywood cinema - cinema as production line

 Film making practices, particularly those implemented in Hollywood, saw film making become a finely honed industrial process. 

 Classical narrative cinema features 

  • Emphasis of spatial continuity - the audience always knows where they are at any time 
  • Temporal continuity - the audience always knows in what order the events have transpired, and any flashbacks and so forth will be clearly signposted 
  • The film must be realistic, and must not make reference to other filmic or popular texts. 
Key terms: 

The studio system = 
The studio system (which was used during a period known as the Golden Age of Hollywood) is a method of film production and distribution dominated by a small number of "major" studios in Hollywood.

Conglomeration=
Conglomeration Institution is a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises, such as television, radio, publishing, motion pictures, theme parks, or the Internet.

Exhibition=
Is an organised presentation and display of a selection of items, how the media is presented on any platform E.g Netflix

Convergence=

 Media convergence is the merging of mass communication outlets – print, television, radio, the Internet along with portable and interactive technologies through various digital media platforms.

Distribution 
Is the delivery or distribution of digital media content such as audio, video, software and video games.

Regulation=
Media regulation is the control or guidance of mass media by governments and other bodies.

Production=
The production process refers to the stages (phases) required to complete a media product, from the idea to the final master copy.

Vertical/horizontal intergration=

Horizontal integration - where a company buys "other companies in the same sector to reduce the competition for audiences".

Vertical Integration is when a Media Company owns different businesses in the same chain of production and distribution. ... When a company expands its business into areas that are at different points on the same production path

Digital technologies= 

Examples of digital media include software, digital images, digital video, video games, web pages and websites, social media, digital data and databases, digital audio such as MP3, and electronic books.





Key Theory 14 - the cultural industries - David Hesmondhalgh 

The cultural industries (2007:22) 
  • Horizontal Integration - Where a company buys other companies in the same sector to reduce the competition for audiences. 
  • Vertical integration  - when a company buys one key stage of a production 
UNIVERSAL PICTURES 


  • is an American film studio owned by Comcast through the Universal Filmed Entertainment Group 
  • Founded in 1912
  • Universal Studios first opened its doors to the public in 1915, when tours cost 25 cents.
  • 106 years old
  • Driven by a lot of profit























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